genetic code

noun

1. the biochemical instructions that translate the genetic information present as a linear sequence of nucleotide triplets in messenger RNA into the correct linear sequence of amino acids for the synthesis of a particular peptide chain or protein. Compare codon, translation ( def 9 ).

genetic code

noun

1. biochem the order in which the nitrogenous bases of DNA are arranged in the molecule, which determines the type and amount of protein synthesized in the cell. The four bases are arranged in groups of three in a specific order, each group acting as a unit (codon), which specifies a particular amino acid See also messenger RNA transfer RNA

genetic code

/ jə-nĕt′ĭk /

1. The sequence of nucleotides in DNA and RNA that serve as instructions for synthesizing proteins. The genetic code is based on an “alphabet” consisting of sixty-four triplets of nucleotides called codons. The order in which codons are strung together determines the order in which the amino acids for which they code are arranged in a protein.

genetic code

1. The code that translates the sequence of nucleotides in genes along the DNA strand into the structure of protein , which, through its action as an enzyme , governs one chemical reaction in the cell. A simple mnemonic is “One gene codes for one protein which runs one reaction.”

Notes

All living things share the same genetic code, a fact that represents strong evidence for evolution . Unraveling the genetic code was one of the great scientific achievements of the twentieth century, and it opened the way to genetic engineering .

Word History and Origins

Origin of genetic code¹

First recorded in 1960–65

Example Sentences

Süel and his colleagues focused on physiological mechanisms related to ribosomes, the micro machines within cells that play a key role in synthesizing proteins and translating genetic codes.

From Science Daily

Linking an individual's proteomic profile -- that is, which proteins are active and to what degree -- to their genetic code establishes a holistic view of the cellular activities in the brain.

From Science Daily

Parents and doctors will spot something wrong with a child’s development but discovering the cause - the specific mutation in our entire genetic code - is often elusive.

From BBC

The entire genetic code of up to 100,000 newborn babies in England will be analysed by the NHS, with the aim of speeding up the diagnosis and treatment of more than 200 rare diseases.

From BBC

The research teams also analysed the genetic code of the viral samples found in the market, and compared them to samples from patients in the early days of the pandemic.

From BBC