battery

¹

[ bat-uh-ree ]

noun

, plural bat·ter·ies.

1. Also called galvanic battery, voltaic battery. Electricity. a combination of two or more cells electrically connected to work together to produce electric energy. cell ( def 7a ).
2. any large group or series of related things:

   a battery of questions.

3. Military.
   1. two or more pieces of artillery used for combined action.
   2. a tactical unit of artillery, usually consisting of six guns together with the artillerymen, equipment, etc., required to operate them.
   3. a parapet or fortification equipped with artillery.
4. a group or series of similar articles, machines, parts, etc.
5. Baseball. the pitcher and catcher considered as a unit.
6. Navy.
   1. (on a warship) a group of guns having the same caliber or used for the same purpose.
   2. the whole armament of a warship.
7. Psychology. a series of tests yielding a single total score, used for measuring aptitude, intelligence, personality, etc.
8. the act of beating or battering.
9. Law. an unlawful attack upon another person by beating or wounding, or by touching in an offensive manner.
10. an instrument used in battering.
11. Also Music. the instruments comprising the percussion section of an orchestra.
12. any imposing group of persons or things acting or directed in unison:

    a battery of experts.

Battery

²

[ bat-uh-ree ]

noun

1. The Battery, a park at the south end of Manhattan, in New York City.

battery

/ ˈbætərɪ /

noun

1. 1. two or more primary cells connected together, usually in series, to provide a source of electric current
   2. short for dry battery
2. another name for accumulator
3. a number of similar things occurring together

   a battery of questions

4. criminal law unlawful beating or wounding of a person or mere touching in a hostile or offensive manner See also assault and battery
5. a fortified structure on which artillery is mounted
6. a group of guns, missile launchers, searchlights, or torpedo tubes of similar type or size operated as a single entity
7. a small tactical unit of artillery usually consisting of two or more troops, each of two, three or four guns
8. 1. a large group of cages for intensive rearing of poultry
   2. ( as modifier )

      battery hens

9. psychol a series of tests
10. chess two pieces of the same colour placed so that one can unmask an attack by the other by moving
11. the percussion section in an orchestra
12. baseball the pitcher and the catcher considered together

battery

/ băt′ə-rē /

1. A device containing an electric cell or a series of electric cells storing energy that can be converted into electrical power (usually in the form of direct current). Common household batteries, such as those used in a flashlight, are usually made of dry cells (the chemicals producing the current are made into a paste). In other batteries, such as car batteries, these chemicals are in liquid form.

battery

1. A device that produces an electric current (see also current ) by harnessing the chemical reactions that take place within its cells.

Word History and Origins

Origin of battery¹

First recorded in 1525–35; from Middle French batterie, equivalent to batt(re) “to beat” + -erie noun suffix; bate ², -ery

Word History and Origins

Origin of battery¹

C16: from Old French batterie beating, from battre to beat, from Latin battuere

A Closer Look

A battery stores chemical energy, which it converts to electrical energy. A typical battery, such as a car battery, is composed of an arrangement of galvanic cells. Each cell contains two metal electrodes, separate from each other, immersed within an electrolyte containing both positive and negative ions. A chemical reaction between the electrodes and the electrolyte, similar to that found in electroplating, takes place, and the metals dissolve in the electrolyte, leaving electrons behind on the electrodes. However, the metals dissolve at different rates, so a greater number of electrons accumulate at one electrode (creating the negative electrode) than at the other electrode (which becomes the positive electrode). This gives rise to an electric potential between the electrodes, which are typically linked together in series and parallel to one another in order to provide the desired voltage at the battery terminals (12 volts, for example, for a car battery). The buildup of charge on the electrodes prevents the metals from dissolving further, but if the battery is hooked up to an electric circuit through which current may flow, electrons are drawn out of the negative electrodes and into the positive ones, reducing their charge and allowing further chemical reactions.

Example Sentences

Demand was low, driving range was limited and battery degradation was a concern.

From Fortune

After our success recycling metals from discarded computers, scientists are trying other types of e-waste, including electric batteries.

From Singularity Hub 

His team at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles turned to methanol because in a given mass, it packs over 10 times the energy as tiny batteries.

From Science News

While lithium ion battery technology has seen dramatic price drops in recent years, most experts agree that they will remain too expensive for grid-scale storage.

From Singularity Hub 

Note how much quieter Spot is thanks to an onboard battery and electric motor.

From Singularity Hub 

Two weeks before trial, Beebe pleaded guilty to a single charge of aggravated sexual battery.

From The Daily Beast

Karajah was charged with two felony counts of assault and battery.

From The Daily Beast

Among them were some horrifying images of severe damage to nasal tissue caused by a child lodging a button battery in her nose.

From The Daily Beast

His charges include pandering sexually oriented material involving a minor, rape, and sexual battery.

From The Daily Beast

And a small battery hidden in the structure can store power, which can be used to keep highly efficient LEG bulbs lit at night.

From The Daily Beast

The case was an assault and battery that came off between two men named Brown and Henderson.

From Project Gutenberg

Pat Malone, you are fined five dollars for assault and battery on Mike Sweeney.

From Project Gutenberg

To-day I have stood in the main battery which has fired a shot establishing, in its way, a record in the annals of destruction.

From Project Gutenberg

Tombs had two horses shot under him, and thirteen out of fifty men in his battery were killed or wounded.

From Project Gutenberg

An English battery came thundering down the road to take up a fresh position and assist in covering the retreat.

From Project Gutenberg

Related Words

• artillery