soil

¹

[ soil ]

noun

1. the portion of the earth's surface consisting of disintegrated rock and humus.
2. a particular kind of earth:

   sandy soil.

3. the ground as producing vegetation or as cultivated for its crops:

   fertile soil.

4. a country, land, or region:

   an act committed on American soil.

5. the ground or earth:

   tilling the soil.

6. any place or condition providing the opportunity for growth or development:

   Some believe that poverty provides the soil for crime.

soil

²

[ soil ]

verb (used with object)

1. to make unclean, dirty, or filthy, especially on the surface:

   to soil one's clothes.

2. to smirch, smudge, or stain:

   The ink soiled his hands.

3. to sully or tarnish, as with disgrace; defile morally:

   to soil one's good name.

   Synonyms: debase, taint, blacken

verb (used without object)

1. to become soiled:

   White soils easily.

noun

1. the act or fact of soiling.
2. the state of being soiled.
3. a spot, mark, or stain.
4. dirty or foul matter; filth; sewage.
5. ordure; manure

soil

³

[ soil ]

verb (used with object)

1. to feed (confined cattle, horses, etc.) freshly cut green fodder for roughage.

soil

¹

/ sɔɪl /

verb

1. to make or become dirty or stained
2. tr to pollute with sin or disgrace; sully; defile

   he soiled the family honour by his cowardice

noun

1. the state or result of soiling
2. refuse, manure, or excrement

soil

²

/ sɔɪl /

noun

1. the top layer of the land surface of the earth that is composed of disintegrated rock particles, humus, water, and air See zonal soil azonal soil intrazonal soil horizon horizon telluric
2. a type of this material having specific characteristics

   loamy soil

3. land, country, or region

   one's native soil

4. the soil
   life and work on a farm; land

   he belonged to the soil, as his forefathers had

5. any place or thing encouraging growth or development

soil

³

/ sɔɪl /

verb

1. tr to feed (livestock) freshly cut green fodder either to fatten or purge them

soil

/ soil /

1. The loose top layer of the Earth's surface, consisting of rock and mineral particles mixed with decayed organic matter (humus), and capable of retaining water, providing nutrients for plants, and supporting a wide range of biotic communities. Soil is formed by a combination of depositional, chemical, and biological processes and plays an important role in the carbon, nitrogen, and hydrologic cycles. Soil types vary widely from one region to another, depending on the type of bedrock they overlie and the climate in which they form. In wet and humid regions, for example, soils tend to be thicker than they do in dry regions.
2. See more at A horizonSee illustration at ABC soil

soil

1. Material on the surface of the Earth on which plants can grow. ( See topsoil .)

Notes

Soil is produced by the weathering of rocks.

Other Words From

• soilless adjective

Word History and Origins

Origin of soil¹

First recorded in 1300–50; Middle English soil, soil(l)e “land, native land, piece of ground, earth, soil,” from Anglo-French soil, soyl, variants of Old French sueil, souil, from Latin solium “high-backed chair, throne, seat,” confused with solum “base, foundation, ground”; sole ²( def )

Origin of soil²

First recorded in 1200–50; Middle English verb soilen, soil(l)e “to dirty,” from Old French soillier, soullier, suillier, from Vulgar Latin suculāre, (unrecorded) “to wallow like a pig,” derivative verb of suculus or sucula, diminutives of sus “pig, sow”; sow ², -cle ¹

Origin of soil³

First recorded in 1600–10; origin uncertain

Word History and Origins

Origin of soil¹

C13: from Old French soillier to defile, from soil pigsty, probably from Latin sūs a swine

Origin of soil²

C14: from Anglo-Norman, from Latin solium a seat, but confused with Latin solum the ground

Origin of soil³

C17: perhaps from obsolete vb (C16) soil to manure, from soil ² (n)

Example Sentences

Brimelow, who refers to himself as a civic nationalist, then launched a website devoted to discussions of racial identity, which he called VDare, after Virginia Dare, supposedly the first English baby to be born on American soil.

From Salon

Mr Curyer believes his mine could prove to be “absolutely critical” to America’s nuclear energy future, as the US is now hunting for alternatives to Russia, including by ramping up exploration on its own soil.

From BBC

Another day one promise was to end birthright citizenship - the 150-year-old principle that says anyone born on US soil is an American citizen.

From BBC

In an interview with the conservative law professor Josh Blackman published on Monday, Ho sketched out his excuse to repudiate birthright citizenship by framing immigrants who lack permanent legal status as “invading aliens” whose children born on U.S. soil may be denied citizenship by states and the federal government.

From Slate

There’s really been only one glaring exception: Ho has long endorsed birthright citizenship, the constitutional guarantee that virtually everyone born on American soil automatically becomes an American citizen.

From Slate

Related Words

• besmirch
• contaminate
• debase
• degrade
• muddy
• pollute
• smear
• smudge
• sully
• taint
• tar
• tarnish