catabolism

[ kuh-tab-uh-liz-uhm ]

noun

, Biology, Physiology.

1. destructive metabolism; the breaking down in living organisms of more complex substances into simpler ones, with the release of energy ( anabolism ).

catabolism

/ ˌkætəˈbɒlɪk; kəˈtæbəˌlɪzəm /

noun

1. a metabolic process in which complex molecules are broken down into simple ones with the release of energy; destructive metabolism Compare anabolism

catabolism

/ kə-tăb′ə-lĭz′əm /

1. The phase of metabolism in which energy, in the form of ATP, is produced by the breakdown of complex molecules, such as starches, proteins and fats, into simpler ones.
2. Compare anabolism

catabolism

1. Biochemical reactions that break down molecules in metabolism . Molecules may be broken down to gain their energy or to prepare them for disposal from the body. ( Compare anabolism .)

Derived Forms

• catabolic, adjective
• ˌcataˈbolically, adverb

Other Words From

• cat·a·bol·ic [kat-, uh, -, bol, -ik], adjective
• hy·per·ca·tab·o·lism noun

Word History and Origins

Origin of catabolism¹

First recorded in 1875–80; from Greek katabol(ḗ) “a throwing down,” equivalent to kata- prefix meaning “down, against, back” ( cata- ) + bolḗ “a throw”; compare katabállein “to throw down”) + -ism

Word History and Origins

Origin of catabolism¹

C19 katabolism, from Greek katabolē a throwing down, from kataballein, from kata- down + ballein to throw

Example Sentences

During muscle catabolism, proteins stored in muscle tissue are broken down into smaller molecules called amino acids and energy is released.

From Salon

Not only that, the body also breaks down existing muscle through a process called catabolism.

From Salon

People's food intake often slumps when they are sent home, but with inflammation and catabolism resolving, it's when protein and other nutritional interventions, as well as physical activity, are likely to be especially effective.

From Salon

BCAT1 promotes cell proliferation through amino acid catabolism in gliomas carrying wild-type IDH1.

From Nature

Catabolism of exogenous lactate reveals it as a legitimate metabolic substrate in breast cancer.

From Nature