without

[ with-out, with- ]

preposition

1. with the absence, omission, or avoidance of; not with; with no or none of; lacking:

   without help; without shoes; without her helping me; without him to help.

2. free from; excluding:

   a world without hunger.

3. not accompanied by:

   Don't go without me.

4. at, on, or to the outside of; outside of:

   both within and without the house or the city.

5. beyond the compass, limits, range, or scope of (now used chiefly in opposition to within ):

   whether within or without the law.

adverb

1. in or into an exterior or outer place; outside.
2. outside a house, building, etc.:

   The carriage awaits without.

3. lacking something implied or understood:

   We must take this or go without.

4. as regards the outside; externally.

noun

1. the outside of a place, region, area, room, etc.

conjunction

1. Midland and Southern U.S. unless.

without

/ wɪˈðaʊt /

preposition

1. not having

   a traveller without much money

2. not accompanied by

   he came without his wife

3. not making use of

   it is not easy to undo screws without a screwdriver

4. foll by a verbal noun or noun phrase not, while not, or after not

   she can sing for two minutes without drawing breath

5. archaic.
   on the outside of

adverb

1. formal.
   outside; outwardly

conjunction

1. not_standard.
   unless

   don't come without you have some money

Word History and Origins

Origin of without¹

First recorded before 900; Middle English withouten, Old English withūtan (adverb and preposition); equivalent to with + out

Idioms and Phrases

• absent without leave
• do without
• get along without
• go without saying
• no smoke without fire

Example Sentences

This symbiosis increases a plant's survival in nitrogen-deficient soils without the use of nitrogen fertilizers.

From Science Daily

“Paul, you were my soulmate, my soon-to-be-husband, my rock, and my future. You filled my lungs with laughter, my stomach with butterflies, and my heart with love. You were taken too soon, in a battle that you fought bravely without fail.”

From Los Angeles Times

The pair had worked together on a 2006 musical production of “The Notebook” and she said Teal was “the kind of guy who could light up a room without trying.”

From Los Angeles Times

Consumers often take part in these technologies without fully understanding the implications.

From Los Angeles Times

Health information provided to hospitals, doctor’s offices and medical insurance companies is protected from disclosure under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, known as HIPAA, which established federal standards protecting such information from release without the patient’s consent.

From Los Angeles Times