sluggish

American  

[sluhg-ish] / ˈslʌg ɪʃ /

adjective

1. indisposed to action or exertion; lacking in energy; lazy; indolent.

   a sluggish disposition.

   Synonyms:

   slothful, slow

   Antonyms:

   active, quick

2. not acting or working with full vigor, as bodily organs.

   a sluggish liver.

3. slow to act or respond.

   a sluggish car engine.

4. moving slowly, or having little motion, as a stream.

5. slow, as motion.

6. slack, as trade, business, or sales.

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sluggish British  

/ ˈslʌɡɪʃ /

adjective

1. lacking energy; inactive; slow-moving

2. functioning at below normal rate or level

3. exhibiting poor response to stimulation

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Related Words

See inactive.

Other Word Forms

• sluggishly adverb
• sluggishness noun
• unsluggish adjective
• unsluggishly adverb
• unsluggishness noun

Etymology

Origin of sluggish

First recorded in 1400–50, sluggish is from the late Middle English word slugissh. See slug ¹, -ish ¹

Explanation

When you are feeling draggy — positively slug-like — you are sluggish, or slow. If cookie sales are sluggish at your bake sale, you are selling very few treats. Just about anything can be sluggish. An old computer that takes forever to load a piece of software is sluggish, as is a car that can't quite make it up a big hill. And who isn't sluggish in the morning before the first cup of coffee?! Picture a slug moving its heavy little body across a basketball court... Still going? Yes. It will take that slug forever to get to the foul line at the sluggish pace it's moving.

Example Sentences

Shares of General Mills have come under pressure in recent years as the company grapples with sluggish sales amid increasing cost pressure and shifting consumer behavior.

From Barron's • Apr. 13, 2026

Consumers have grown gloomy about the economy, and a sluggish job market has held back buyers, Yun said.

From MarketWatch • Apr. 13, 2026

The market is more sluggish in the Southeast and Southwest, where the inventory of homes for sale is above prepandemic levels.

From The Wall Street Journal • Apr. 13, 2026

The visit will have been a welcome respite for the prime minister, who has faced increasingly strained diplomatic ties with China, rising prices and a sluggish economy since coming to office in October.

From BBC • Apr. 11, 2026

To something too small or sluggish to duplicate this experience–a snail, say–the idea that a boom box could seem to two observers to produce two different volumes of music simultaneously might seem incredible.

From "A Short History of Nearly Everything" by Bill Bryson

Related Words

• heavy
• inactive
• lethargic
• listless
• slack
• slow
• stagnant