paranoia

American  

[par-uh-noi-uh] / ˌpær əˈnɔɪ ə /

Archaic, paranoea

noun

1. Psychiatry. a mental disorder characterized by systematized delusions and the projection of personal conflicts, which are ascribed to the supposed hostility of others, sometimes progressing to disturbances of consciousness and aggressive acts believed to be performed in self-defense or as a mission.

2. baseless or excessive suspicion of the motives of others.

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paranoia British  

/ ˌpærəˈnɔɪɪk, ˌpærəˈnəʊɪk, ˌpærəˈnɔɪə /

noun

1. a form of schizophrenia characterized by a slowly progressive deterioration of the personality, involving delusions and often hallucinations

2. a mental disorder characterized by any of several types of delusions, in which the personality otherwise remains relatively intact

3. informal intense fear or suspicion, esp when unfounded

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paranoia Cultural  

1. A form of psychosis marked by delusions of persecution and of grandeur. One who suffers from paranoia is paranoid.

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Usage

What does paranoia mean? Paranoia is a mental disorder characterized by delusions and feelings of extreme distrust, suspicion, and being targeted by others. Paranoia is also commonly used more generally to mean extreme suspicion or irrational distrust of others. It’s important to understand that while paranoia is used generally outside of its psychiatric usage in a way that makes it seem less serious, having paranoia is a major symptom of disorders like paranoid schizophrenia and paranoid personality disorder. The adjective paranoid can be used to describe a person, action, or thought that exhibits paranoia. A rare alternate spelling for the word is paranoea. Example: Locking my doors at night isn’t a sign of paranoia—it just means I’m being cautious.

Discover More

In popular terminology, a “paranoid” personality is characterized by suspicion and distrust of others; a tendency to look for hidden meaning behind other people's actions; argumentativeness; complaining; low tolerance for criticism; and a constant display of one's own talents, accomplishments, independence, and rationality.

Other Word Forms

• paranoiac adjective

Etymology

Origin of paranoia

First recorded in 1805–15; from New Latin, from Greek paránoia “madness,” from paráno(os) “demented” (equivalent to para- ¹ + nous ) + -ia -ia

Explanation

Something that happens to a person's thinking can lead to paranoia. You may believe that your friends no longer like you, but it's just that your paranoia makes you suspicious of everyone. Paranoia is from the Greek para-, "beyond, irregular," and noos, "mind." It is an irregularity of the mind, a mental disorder that distorts a person's perception of what is real. Someone with paranoia may believe that other people are out to get them or are watching them all the time. Doctors who treat paranoia look for causes, and while patients can develop the disorder gradually and sometimes due to life circumstances, such as abuse or neglect, the use and abuse of drugs can also cause paranoia.

Example Sentences

The Citrini selloff latched onto the market’s recent paranoia that artificial intelligence could ravage established players in a range of industries.

From Barron's • Feb. 26, 2026

The action films are likewise both packed with paranoia and betrayal.

From Los Angeles Times • Feb. 11, 2026

We’ve also reached a point in the season at which previous groups of Traitors turned on each other for reasons similar to those that do in tyrannical cabals: mutual envy, paranoia and greed.

From Salon • Jan. 28, 2026

Whispers and doubts will be circulating all over Beijing and at every level of party and army leadership, checked only by the paranoia of officials fearing for their careers and lives.

From The Wall Street Journal • Jan. 26, 2026

It may be that I was a bit paranoid, given my secret mission, but paranoia was nothing foreign to B-block.

From "Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing" by Ted Conover

Related Words

• insanity
• mental disorder