interference

[ in-ter-feer-uhns ]

noun

1. an act, fact, or instance of interfering.
2. something that interferes.
3. Physics. the process in which two or more light, sound, or electromagnetic waves of the same frequency combine to reinforce or cancel each other, the amplitude of the resulting wave being equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the combining waves.
4. Radio.
   1. a jumbling of radio signals, caused by the reception of undesired ones.
   2. the signals or device producing the incoherence.
5. Football.
   1. the act of a teammate or of teammates running ahead of a ball-carrier and blocking prospective tacklers out of the way:

      to run interference for the halfback.

   2. such a teammate or such teammates collectively:

      to follow one's interference.

   3. the act of illegally hindering an opponent from catching a forward pass or a kick.
6. Aeronautics. the situation that arises when the aerodynamic influence of one surface of an aircraft conflicts with the influence of another surface.
7. Linguistics.
   1. (in bilingualism and foreign-language learning) the overlapping of two languages.
   2. deviation from the norm of either language in such a situation.
8. the distorting or inhibiting effect of previously learned behavior on subsequent learning.
9. Psychology. the forgetting of information or an event due to inability to reconcile it with conflicting information obtained subsequently.

interference

/ ˌɪntəfəˈrɛnʃəl; ˌɪntəˈfɪərəns /

noun

1. the act or an instance of interfering
2. physics the process in which two or more coherent waves combine to form a resultant wave in which the displacement at any point is the vector sum of the displacements of the individual waves. If the individual waves converge the resultant is a system of fringes. Two waves of equal or nearly equal intensity moving in opposite directions combine to form a standing wave
3. Also calledradio interference any undesired signal that tends to interfere with the reception of radio waves
4. aeronautics the effect on the flow pattern around a body of objects in the vicinity

interference

/ ĭn′tər-fîr′əns /

1. The superposition of two or more waves propagating through a given region. Depending on how the peaks and troughs of the interacting waves coincide with each other, the resulting wave amplitude can be higher or smaller than the amplitudes of the individual waves.
2. ◆ When two waves interact so that they rise and fall together more than half the time, the amplitude of the resulting wave is greater than that of the larger wave. This is called constructive interference.
3. ◆ When two waves interact such that they rise and fall together less than half the time, the resulting amplitude is smaller than the amplitude of the stronger wave. This interference is called destructive interference. It is possible for two waves of the same magnitude to completely cancel out in destructive interference where their sum is always zero, that is, where their peaks and troughs are perfectly opposed.
4. See more at wave
5. In electronics, the distortion or interruption of one broadcast signal by others.

interference

1. The disturbance that results when two waves come together at a single point in space; the disturbance is the sum of the contribution of each wave. For example, if two crests of identical waves arrive together, the net disturbance will be twice as large as each incoming wave; if the crest of one wave arrives with the trough of another, there will be no disturbance at all.

Notes

One common example of interference is the appearance of dark bands when a light is viewed through a window screen.

Derived Forms

• interferential, adjective

Other Words From

• over·inter·ference noun

Word History and Origins

Origin of interference¹

First recorded in 1775–85; interfere + -ence

Idioms and Phrases

Idioms

1. run interference, Informal. to deal with troublesome or time-consuming matters, as for a colleague or supervisor, especially to forestall problems.

Example Sentences

The new method reduces interference from the most common proteins in blood, allowing researchers to detect lesser-known, low-abundance proteins that are often crucial in identifying diseases.

From Science Daily

Masterson’s case has been marked by repeated allegations of attorney misconduct and outside interference.

From Los Angeles Times

Because of the scheme's proximity to the election, they claimed it amounted to election interference.

From BBC

This well-known fringe pattern phenomenon is caused by consistent constructive interference but has different characteristics when radio waves propagate around a neutron star.

From Science Daily

The board’s choice of Dr. Sasse worried some on campus who believed it signaled a new era of conservative interference.

From New York Times

Related Words

• conflict
• intervention
• intrusion
• obstruction
• tampering