scientific method

American  

[sahy-uhn-tif-ik meth-uhd] / ˈsaɪ ənˌtɪf ɪk ˈmɛθ əd /

noun

1. Often the scientific method the method of discovery used by scientists from the Enlightenment onward, in which a question is identified, data are gathered through observation and research, a hypothesis is formulated and then tested through experimentation, and the results are analyzed to draw a conclusion: usually followed, in the scientific community, by sharing the results so that others can attempt to replicate and confirm them independently.

2. any process followed systematically to arrive at knowledge of the universe, especially in premodern times.

   In developing his systematic reflection, Thomas Aquinas followed Aristotle's scientific method as far as possible.

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scientific method British  

noun

1. a method of investigation in which a problem is first identified and observations, experiments, or other relevant data are then used to construct or test hypotheses that purport to solve it

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scientific method Cultural  

1. An orderly technique of investigation that is supposed to account for scientific progress. The method consists of the following steps: (1) Careful observations of nature. (2) Deduction of natural laws. (3) Formation of hypotheses — generalizations of those laws to previously unobserved phenomena. (4) Experimental or observational testing of the validity of the predictions thus made. Actually, scientific discoveries rarely occur in this idealized, wholly rational, and orderly fashion.

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Etymology

Origin of scientific method

First recorded in 1850–55

Example Sentences

As in “The Martian,” the story is built around trial and error and the scientific method.

From Los Angeles Times • Jan. 1, 2026

Journalism is the art of using the scientific method to communicate facts to the public.

From Salon • Oct. 24, 2025

“It creates a challenge because you’re trying to have very nuanced conversations in a rapidly evolving environment with people who don't understand the scientific method, don’t understand basic statistics,” Adams said.

From Salon • Dec. 29, 2024

That faith once lost, was quickly replaced by the scientific method and materialism.

From Slate • May 23, 2024

This strategy, which also works well in chemistry and molecular biology, is so identified with science in the minds of many people that experimentation is often held to be the essence of the scientific method.

From "Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies" by Jared M. Diamond