{"loaderData":{"0":null,"0-5":[{"type":"wordpress/fetchEditorialNotes/rejected","meta":{"arg":{"word":"Singling"},"requestId":"axe-SfeWNUcpQNb9ylr2O","rejectedWithValue":false,"requestStatus":"rejected","aborted":false,"condition":false},"error":{"name":"SyntaxError","message":"Unexpected token < in JSON at position 0","stack":"SyntaxError: Unexpected token < in JSON at position 0\n at JSON.parse ()\n at Response.json (node:internal/deps/undici/undici:1817:21)\n at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:95:5)\n at async /app/server.js:389:13314"}},{"type":"fetchPageData/fulfilled","payload":{"_id":"home-legacy","story":{"created_at":"2023-07-04T15:14:18.526Z","published_at":"2024-05-02T04:05:00.000Z","content":{"heroModule":[{"cta":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/e/pancakes-vs-flapjacks-vs-hotcakes/","text":"Read more.","target":"_self"}],"article":{"name":"Pancakes vs. Flapjacks vs. Hotcakes: How They Stack Up","content":{"topicLabel":"Food and drink"}},"imageUrl":"https://assets.dictionary.com/home/featured/hero/pancakes-vs-flapjacks-vs-hotcakes-how-they-stack-up-20241113.jpg","description":"Wondering whether to order pancakes, flapjacks, or hotcakes at the diner? Uncover their delicious differences.","subjectLabel":"Today"}],"quizModule":[{"cta":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/learn/quizzes","text":"Go to all quizzes","target":"_self"}],"image":"https://assets.dictionary.com/home/daily-quiz.png","articleLink":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/games/quizzes/can-you-identify-similes-and-metaphors","text":"Take the full quiz.","target":"_self"}],"subjectLabel":"Quiz","wordpressSlug":"can-you-identify-similes-and-metaphors","questionNumber":"1"}],"xotdModule":[],"gamesModule":[{"gamesList":[{"name":"Daily Crossword","created_at":"2023-07-04T15:24:23.318Z","published_at":"2024-02-07T05:05:00.000Z","id":336141299,"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/e/crossword/","text":"Daily Crossword","target":"_self"}],"image":{"id":10215805,"alt":"","name":"","focus":"","title":"","source":"","filename":"https://assets.dictionary.com/home/daily-crossword.png","copyright":"","fieldtype":"asset","meta_data":{},"is_external_url":false},"subscriberLink":""},"slug":"daily-crossword","full_slug":"games/daily-crossword","sort_by_date":null,"position":0,"tag_list":[],"is_startpage":false,"parent_id":336140985,"meta_data":null,"group_id":"013f4974-3fad-4e2b-8aa2-c573ef31f263","first_published_at":"2023-07-04T15:32:55.972Z","release_id":null,"lang":"default","path":null,"alternates":[],"default_full_slug":null,"translated_slugs":null,"_stopResolving":true},{"name":"Hurdle","created_at":"2023-07-07T20:42:46.109Z","published_at":"2024-02-06T05:05:00.000Z","id":337835996,"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://play.dictionary.com/games/todays-hurdle","text":"Hurdle","target":"_self"}],"image":{"id":10215808,"alt":"","name":"","focus":"","title":"","source":"","filename":"https://assets.dictionary.com/home/hurdle.png","copyright":"","fieldtype":"asset","meta_data":{},"is_external_url":false},"subscriberLink":"https://www.dictionary.com/games/hurdle"},"slug":"hurdle","full_slug":"games/hurdle","sort_by_date":null,"position":-30,"tag_list":[],"is_startpage":false,"parent_id":336140985,"meta_data":null,"group_id":"3342f4e9-9403-4609-a956-7cd5eab50dc9","first_published_at":"2023-07-10T17:24:55.648Z","release_id":null,"lang":"default","path":null,"alternates":[],"default_full_slug":null,"translated_slugs":null,"_stopResolving":true},{"name":"Word Puzzle","created_at":"2023-07-04T15:31:56.964Z","published_at":"2023-07-10T17:24:59.422Z","id":336150578,"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/games/word-puzzle","text":"Word Puzzle","target":"_self"}],"image":{"id":10215807,"alt":"","name":"","focus":"","title":"","source":"","filename":"https://assets.dictionary.com/home/word-puzzle.png","copyright":"","fieldtype":"asset","meta_data":{},"is_external_url":false}},"slug":"word-puzzle","full_slug":"games/word-puzzle","sort_by_date":null,"position":-20,"tag_list":[],"is_startpage":false,"parent_id":336140985,"meta_data":null,"group_id":"71792320-7229-4ab6-8558-b3af16f5e557","first_published_at":"2023-07-04T15:32:43.933Z","release_id":null,"lang":"default","path":null,"alternates":[],"default_full_slug":null,"translated_slugs":null,"_stopResolving":true},{"name":"Word Wipe","created_at":"2023-07-04T15:28:02.623Z","published_at":"2024-02-06T05:05:00.000Z","id":336141320,"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://play.dictionary.com/games/word-wipe","text":"Word Wipe","target":"_self"}],"image":{"id":10215806,"alt":"","name":"","focus":"","title":"","source":"","filename":"https://assets.dictionary.com/home/word-wipe.png","copyright":"","fieldtype":"asset","meta_data":{},"is_external_url":false},"subscriberLink":"https://www.dictionary.com/games/word-wipe"},"slug":"word-wipe","full_slug":"games/word-wipe","sort_by_date":null,"position":-10,"tag_list":[],"is_startpage":false,"parent_id":336140985,"meta_data":null,"group_id":"3789fc63-90b3-4407-99f4-fa263d1a3e39","first_published_at":"2023-07-04T15:32:50.947Z","release_id":null,"lang":"default","path":null,"alternates":[],"default_full_slug":null,"translated_slugs":null,"_stopResolving":true}],"description":"Calling all cruciverbalists! Sharpen your mind with crosswords and word games, or take a brain break with your favorite classic games.","subjectLabel":"Games"}],"commonModule":[],"ribbonModule":[],"trendingModule":[{"articles":[{"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/e/course-vs-coarse/","text":"Course vs. Coarse: A Crash Course on the Differences"}]}},{"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/e/french-fries-words-around-the-world/","text":"Frites, Chips, and More: French Fries Around the World"}]}},{"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/e/aisle-vs-isle/","text":"Aisle vs. Isle: Learn the Differences"}]}},{"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/e/where-does-the-name-winter-come-from/","text":"Where Does the Name \"Winter\" Come From?"}]}},{"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.thesaurus.com/e/ways-to-say/author-vs-writer/","text":"Author vs. Writer: What Is the Difference?"}]}}],"subjectLabel":"Trending"}],"newsletterModule":[{"title":"Salutations, logophile!","imageUrl":"https://assets.dictionary.com/home/newsletter.png","description":"Sign up to get everything a word lover could want: word origins, fun facts, and the latest language trends.","subjectLabel":"Newsletter"}],"largeRibbonModule":[],"recirculationModule":[{"articles":[{"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/e/imbed-vs-embed/","text":"\"Imbed\" vs. \"Embed\": What's the Difference?"}],"topicLabel":"Spelling 🐝"}},{"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.thesaurus.com/e/ways-to-say/list-of-vegetables/","text":"This List of Vegetables Is No Small Potatoes"}],"topicLabel":"Food and drink 🥕🥦"}},{"content":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.dictionary.com/e/medical-term-for-fainting/","text":"What Is the Medical Term for Fainting?"}],"topicLabel":"Medicine"}}],"subjectLabel":"Featured"}]},"slug":"shared-homepage","full_slug":"homepages/shared-homepage","sort_by_date":null,"position":0,"tag_list":[],"is_startpage":false,"parent_id":336140983,"meta_data":null,"group_id":"c7ed375b-9129-448c-aeec-9f52e3fef270","first_published_at":"2023-07-04T18:23:43.845Z","release_id":null,"lang":"default","path":null,"alternates":[],"default_full_slug":null,"translated_slugs":null}},"meta":{"requestId":"TaqcaRGnd1b9V0SB9j87o","requestStatus":"fulfilled"}},{"type":"fetchWordsNearby/fulfilled","payload":{"data":null},"meta":{"arg":{"word":"Singling"},"requestId":"butAj-fMtzo88juOVctmx","requestStatus":"fulfilled"}},{"type":"luna/fetchExampleSentences/fulfilled","payload":{"data":{"nlp":[],"tdb":[],"gbg":[]}},"meta":{"arg":{"word":"Singling"},"requestId":"hxmtIX2b-8pxhhCNv0lVM","requestStatus":"fulfilled"}},{"type":"fetchDictionaryResults/fulfilled","payload":{"slugs":[{"entries":[],"url":"singling"}]},"meta":{"arg":{"slug":"singling"},"requestId":"WnhPjik1PlYY7ML8G280-","requestStatus":"fulfilled"}},{"type":"fetchResultsData/fulfilled","payload":{"data":{"url":"singling","displayForm":"single","canonicalSlug":"single","content":[{"source":"luna","entries":[{"id":"u3bb48a285cbafaf0.-3bc55cee.14d9e77509f.13df","type":"normal","entry":"single","entrySyllabified":"sin·gle","entryVariants":[],"homograph":null,"pronunciation":{"ipa":"ˈsɪŋ gəl ","spell":"sing-guhl ","audio":{"audio/ogg":"https://static.sfdict.com/audio/lunawav/S05/S0549200.ogg","audio/mpeg":"https://static.sfdict.com/audio/S05/S0549200.mp3"}},"predefinitionContent":"","posBlocks":[{"definitions":[{"order":1,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"only one in number; one only; unique; sole: a single example. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":2,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"of, relating to, or suitable for one person only: a single room. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":3,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"solitary or sole; lone: He was the single survivor. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":4,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"unmarried or not in a romantic relationship: a single man. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":5,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"pertaining to the unmarried state: the single life. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":6,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"of or noting a parent who brings up a child or children alone, without a partner.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":7,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"of one against one, as combat or fight.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":8,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"consisting of only one part, element, or member: a single lens. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":9,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"sincere and undivided: single devotion. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":10,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"separate, particular, or distinct; individual: Every single one of you must do your best. It's the single most important thing. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":11,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"uniform; applicable to all: a single safety code for all manufacturers. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":12,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"(of a bed or bedclothes) twin-size.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":13,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"(of a flower) having only one set of petals.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":14,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"British.","postdefinitionContent":"Compare double. ","definition":"of standard strength or body, as ale, beer, etc.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":15,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"(of the eye) seeing rightly.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]}],"pos":"adjective","posSupplementaryInfo":""},{"definitions":[{"order":16,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"to pick or choose (one) from others (usually followed by out): to single out a fact for special mention. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":17,"type":"group","predefinitionContent":"Baseball.","postdefinitionContent":"","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[],"subdefinitions":[{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"to cause the advance of (a base runner) by a one-base hit.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"to cause (a run) to be scored by a one-base hit (often followed by in or home).","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]}]}],"pos":"verb (used with object),","posSupplementaryInfo":"sin·gled, sin·gling."},{"definitions":[{"order":18,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"Baseball.","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"to hit a single.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]}],"pos":"verb (used without object),","posSupplementaryInfo":"sin·gled, sin·gling."},{"definitions":[{"order":19,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"one person or thing; a single one.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":20,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"an accommodation suitable for one person only, as a hotel room or a table at a restaurant: to reserve a single. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":21,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"a ticket for a single seat at a theater.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":22,"type":"group","predefinitionContent":"British.","postdefinitionContent":"","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[],"subdefinitions":[{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"a one-way ticket.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"a steam locomotive having one driving wheel on each side.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]}]},{"order":23,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"singles, ","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"people who are unmarried or not in a romantic relationship, especially if relatively young: It's not uncommon for singles to feel lonely on Valentine Day. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":24,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"Baseball.Also called one-base hit. ","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"a base hit that enables a batter to reach first base safely.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":25,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"singles, (used with a singular verb)","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"a match with one player on each side, as a tennis match.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":26,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"Golf.","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"twosome (def. 4). ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":27,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"Cricket.","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"a hit for which one run is scored.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":28,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"Informal.","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"a one-dollar bill.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"order":29,"type":"group","predefinitionContent":"Music.","postdefinitionContent":"","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[],"subdefinitions":[{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"a phonograph record, CD, or cassette usually having two songs: I probably won't buy the single. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"one of the songs recorded on a single: a hit single. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"a song released or promoted separately from the rest of the album to which it belongs: A viral video put that single back on the charts. ","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]}]},{"order":30,"type":"group","predefinitionContent":"Often singles .Textiles.","postdefinitionContent":"","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[],"subdefinitions":[{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"reeled or spun silk that may or may not be thrown.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]},{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","postdefinitionContent":"","definition":"a one-ply yarn of any fiber that has been drawn and twisted.","synonyms":"","antonyms":"","cites":[]}]}],"pos":"noun","posSupplementaryInfo":""}],"origin":"First recorded in1275–1325; late Middle English (adjective), Middle English sengle, from Old French, from Latin singulus “individual, single” (usually in the plural singuli “one apiece”); cf. simplex, simultaneous","originData":null,"supplementaryNotes":[{"type":"Synonyms","content":"1. distinct, particular. 3. isolated. 4. unwed. 16. select. 19. individual. "}],"variantForms":[],"variantSpellings":[],"referenceData":[],"relatedForms":["quasi-single, adjective","quasi-singly, adverb","un·sin·gle, adjective"],"confusables":["1. signal, single ","2. single , singular"]}]},{"source":"collins","entries":[{"id":"add221979.6bfb.1014.b87b.c2803370a23a.1","type":"normal","entry":"single","entrySyllabified":null,"entryVariants":"","homograph":null,"pronunciation":{"audio":null,"spell":null,"ipa":"(ˈsɪŋɡəl)"},"predefinitionContent":"","posBlocks":[{"pos":"adjective","posSupplementaryInfo":"(usually prenominal)","definitions":[{"order":1,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"existing alone; solitary","postdefinitionContent":"upon the hill stood a single tower"},{"order":2,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"distinct from other things; unique or individual","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":3,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"composed of one part","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":4,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"designed for one user","postdefinitionContent":"a single room; a single bed"},{"order":5,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"(also postpositive)","definition":"unmarried","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":6,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"connected with the condition of being unmarried","postdefinitionContent":"he led a single life"},{"order":7,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"(esp of combat) involving two individuals; one against one","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":8,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"sufficient for one person or thing only","postdefinitionContent":"a single portion of food"},{"order":9,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"even one","postdefinitionContent":"there wasn't a single person on the beach"},{"order":10,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"(of a flower) having only one set or whorl of petals","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":11,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"determined; single-minded","postdefinitionContent":"a single devotion to duty"},{"order":12,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"(of the eye) seeing correctly","postdefinitionContent":"to consider something with a single eye"},{"order":13,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"rare","definition":"honest or sincere; genuine","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":14,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"archaic","definition":"(of ale, beer, etc) mild in strength","postdefinitionContent":""}]},{"pos":"noun","posSupplementaryInfo":"","definitions":[{"order":15,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"something forming one individual unit","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":16,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"an unmarried person","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":17,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"a gramophone record, CD, or cassette with a short recording, usually of pop music, on it","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":18,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"golf","definition":"a game between two players","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":19,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"cricket","definition":"a hit from which one run is scored","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":20,"type":"group","predefinitionContent":"","subdefinitions":[{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"British","definition":"a pound note","postdefinitionContent":""},{"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"US and Canadian","definition":"a dollar note","postdefinitionContent":""}],"postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":21,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"See single ticket","postdefinitionContent":""}]},{"pos":"verb","posSupplementaryInfo":"","definitions":[{"order":22,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"(tr usually foll by out)","definition":"to select from a group of people or things; distinguish by separation","postdefinitionContent":"he singled him out for special mention"},{"order":23,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"(tr)","definition":"to thin out (seedlings)","postdefinitionContent":""},{"order":24,"type":"simple","predefinitionContent":"","definition":"short for single-foot","postdefinitionContent":""}]}],"origin":"C14: from Old French sengle, from Latin singulus individual","supplementaryNotes":[],"variantForms":[],"referenceData":["See also singles"],"relatedForms":[],"derivedForms":["singleness, noun"]}]},{"source":"idioms","entries":[{"id":"single","type":"normal","entry":"single","entrySyllabified":null,"entryVariants":null,"homograph":0,"pronunciation":null,"predefinitionContent":null,"contentBlocks":[{"title":null,"content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":"In addition to the idioms beginning with single"},{"type":"list","content":["single file, in","single out"]},{"type":"paragraph","content":"also see: "},{"type":"list","content":["each and every (every single)"]}]}],"supplementaryNotes":null}]}],"index-rank-01":["singling"],"tunaSlug":"single","isFeaturedMetaSlug":false}},"meta":{"arg":{"word":"Singling"},"requestId":"AiI10uoUIQKr2sHaiT2N0","requestStatus":"fulfilled"}},{"type":"fetchSpellSuggestions/fulfilled","payload":{"data":{"luna":["Ringling","Jiangling","Sing Sing","shingling","Pindling","Singlish","Sining","Yngling","angling","gangling"],"tuna":["mingling","tingling","finagling","shingling","angling","bungling","dangling","gangling","giggling","jangling"],"lunaWithSlug":[{"displayForm":"Ringling","slug":"ringling"},{"displayForm":"Jiangling","slug":"jiangling"},{"displayForm":"Sing Sing","slug":"sing-sing"},{"displayForm":"shingling","slug":"shingling"},{"displayForm":"Pindling","slug":"pindling"},{"displayForm":"Singlish","slug":"singlish"},{"displayForm":"Sining","slug":"sining"},{"displayForm":"Yngling","slug":"yngling"},{"displayForm":"angling","slug":"angling"},{"displayForm":"gangling","slug":"gangling"}],"tunaWithSlug":[{"displayForm":"mingling","slug":"mingling"},{"displayForm":"tingling","slug":"tingling"},{"displayForm":"finagling","slug":"finagling"},{"displayForm":"shingling","slug":"shingling"},{"displayForm":"angling","slug":"angling"},{"displayForm":"bungling","slug":"bungling"},{"displayForm":"dangling","slug":"dangling"},{"displayForm":"gangling","slug":"gangling"},{"displayForm":"giggling","slug":"giggling"},{"displayForm":"jangling","slug":"jangling"}]}},"meta":{"arg":{"word":"Singling"},"requestId":"OffJSYMLuwz9OBoanc_RX","requestStatus":"fulfilled"}}]},"actionData":null,"errors":null}

Did you mean Ringling?