inflation

American  

[in-fley-shuhn] / ɪnˈfleɪ ʃən /

noun

1. Economics. a persistent, substantial rise in the general level of prices related to an increase in the volume of money and resulting in the loss of value of currency (deflation ).

2. the act of inflating.

3. the state of being inflated.

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inflation British  

/ ɪnˈfleɪʃən /

noun

1. the act of inflating or state of being inflated

2. economics a progressive increase in the general level of prices brought about by an expansion in demand or the money supply ( demand-pull inflation ) or by autonomous increases in costs ( cost-push inflation ) Compare deflation

3. informal the rate of increase of prices

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inflation Cultural  

1. A general increase in prices.

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Other Word Forms

• anti-inflation noun
• noninflation noun
• overinflation noun
• reinflation noun
• self-inflation noun

Etymology

Origin of inflation

First recorded in 1300–50; Middle English inflacio(u)n, from Latin inflātiōn-, stem of inflātiō, equivalent to inflāt(us), past participle of inflāre “to blow on or into, puff out” + -iō -ion; inflate

Explanation

Think of inflation as expansion, usually from being filled with air, like a balloon. This also refers to rising prices. Think of a balloon puffing up, getting fuller and fuller — that's inflation. The word has a bunch of related meanings. We can say people a little too full of themselves are suffering from inflation: they are full of hot air. When the cost of living is ballooning, that's economic inflation. When the universe was born in the big bang, there was a huge inflation, as matter spread out, creating galaxies, stars, and planets.

Example Sentences

In subsequent weeks, some policymakers stressed the need to take time to assess the impact on inflation.

From The Wall Street Journal • Apr. 17, 2026

If you withdraw 4% from a $1 million portfolio, you will be taking about $40,000 in your first year and increasing that amount with inflation each year.

From MarketWatch • Apr. 17, 2026

He described a phenomenon that he called "motorsport inflation", adding that he is "amazed" by the number of people able to race with the current costs.

From BBC • Apr. 17, 2026

The war in Iran is a seething stalemate, the price of oil is up about 60% this year, inflation jumped to 3.3% in March—and still U.S. stocks set all-time highs this week.

From The Wall Street Journal • Apr. 17, 2026

“See that little black rubber dot, the inflation hole? Make sure that hole is facing up all the time.”

From "The Million Dollar Shot" by Dan Gutman

Related Words

• boom
• expansion
• hike
• rise