synecdoche

American  

[si-nek-duh-kee] / sɪˈnɛk də ki /

noun

Rhetoric.

1. a figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole or the whole for a part, the special for the general or the general for the special, as in ten sail for ten ships or a Croesus for a rich man.

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synecdoche British  

/ sɪnˈɛkdəkɪ, ˌsɪnɛkˈdɒkɪk /

noun

1. a figure of speech in which a part is substituted for a whole or a whole for a part, as in 50 head of cattle for 50 cows, or the army for a soldier

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Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

• synecdochically
  adverb
• synecdochic
  adjective
• synecdochical
  adjective

Etymology

Origin of synecdoche

1350–1400; < Medieval Latin < Greek synekdochḗ, equivalent to syn- syn- + ekdochḗ act of receiving from another, equivalent to ek- ec- + -dochē, noun derivative of déchesthai to receive

Compare meaning

How does synecdoche compare to similar and commonly confused words? Explore the most common comparisons:

• metonymy vs. synecdoche

Explanation

Synecdoche is a figure of speech in which you use a part of something to stand for the whole thing. If your parents buy you a car and you say that you just got a new set of wheels, you're using synecdoche — you're using the wheels, which are part of a car, to refer to the whole car. To correctly pronounce synecdoche, say "sih-NECK-duh-key." A synecdoche is a part that represents the whole. A photograph of a car that is completely covered in snow is a synecdoche for the burden everyone faces following a big winter storm. Synecdoche is a great literary device, especially for poets who strive to express a great deal in a single image.

Example Sentences

The situation was a perfect synecdoche for Hegseth’s self-inflicted Sispyphean task of trying to be a big man.

From Salon • Mar. 13, 2026

But it lured two million fair visitors, and, as we see, inspired children’s toys and books, before becoming a synecdoche for Paris itself.

From The Wall Street Journal • Jan. 14, 2026

In Mangold’s hands, parts become wholes and the exhibition a master class in synecdoche: the tree is the forest; the painter a human representative negotiating with the natural world.

From New York Times • Jun. 1, 2023

In Darlington’s Devon neighborhood, the synecdoche for global habitat destruction is the arrival of a sign in a soon-to-be-former farm field: “Site Acquired for Development.”

From Washington Post • Feb. 6, 2023

But what had they to do either with a metaphor or a synecdoche when the text may bear the proper sense?

From The Works of Mr. George Gillespie (Vol. 1 of 2) by Gillespie, George