psychology

American  

[sahy-kol-uh-jee] / saɪˈkɒl ə dʒi /

noun

PLURAL

psychologies

1. the science of the mind or of mental states and processes.

2. the science of human and animal behavior.

3. the sum or characteristics of the mental states and processes of a person or class of persons, or of the mental states and processes involved in a field of activity.

   the psychology of a soldier; the psychology of politics.

4. mental ploys or strategy.

   He used psychology on his parents to get a larger allowance.

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psychology British  

/ saɪˈkɒlədʒɪ /

noun

1. the scientific study of all forms of human and animal behaviour, sometimes concerned with the methods through which behaviour can be modified See also analytical psychology clinical psychology comparative psychology educational psychology experimental psychology

2. informal  the mental make-up or structure of an individual that causes him or her to think or act in the way he or she does

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psychology Scientific  

/ sī-kŏl′ə-jē /

1. The scientific study of mental processes and behavior.

2. The behavioral and cognitive characteristics of a specific individual, group, activity, or circumstance.

3. ◆ Clinical psychology ◆ is the application of psychological knowledge to the diagnosis and treatment of patients.

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psychology Cultural  

1. The science dealing with mental phenomena and processes. Psychologists study emotions, perception, intelligence, consciousness, and the relationship between these phenomena and processes and the work of the glands and muscles. Psychologists are also interested in diseased or disordered mental states, and some psychologists provide therapy for individuals. In the United States, however, psychologists, unlike psychiatrists, are not medical doctors. (See psychiatry.)

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Usage

What is psychology? Psychology is the study of the mind, mental processes, and behaviors of humans and animals.The term psychology is used to describe many specific areas of study. Generally, psychology is interested in the brain and, more specifically, why we think the way we do.Because the mind is so complex, psychology is a very wide field with many subdivisions and branches of study. A few of the major areas of psychology include:

• clinical psychology, which involves diagnosing and treating personality and behavior disorders;
• cognitive psychology, which studies mental processes such as memory, language, and perception; and
• developmental psychology, which studies how our mental processes change as we age and experience more of life.

Both psychiatry and neuroscience are often confused with psychology. Like psychology, psychiatry also diagnoses and treats mental disorders but treatments are different. A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who can prescribe medicine for mental illnesses. A psychologist doesn’t often have a medical degree and instead treats patients with counseling and therapy, a process known as psychotherapy.On the other hand, neuroscience is focused on the actual neurons, tissues, and synapses that physically make up the brain as an organ, rather than with how we think about things, as psychology is.Even if they don’t know the specifics, most people are aware that psychology is a study of the mind and thinking. For this reason, the word psychology is often used to refer generally to a person’s thought process or mental state, as in In order to really know what happens during war, you need to understand a soldier’s psychology.

Discover More

The two main divisions of psychology are individual or personality psychology and social psychology; social psychology deals with the mental processes of groups.

Other Word Forms

• prepsychology noun
• psychologist noun

Etymology

Origin of psychology

From the New Latin word psȳchologia, dating back to 1675–85. See psycho-, -logy

Example Sentences

In a social-science class like psychology, coursework is expected to demonstrate critical thinking and engagement with empirical evidence.

From Salon

She was studying for a master’s degree in clinical psychology with dreams of becoming a marriage and family therapist.

From Los Angeles Times

These outcomes raise concerns, said Giwon Bahg, who conducted the work as part of his doctoral dissertation in psychology at The Ohio State University.

From Science Daily

Jamil Zaki is a professor of psychology at Stanford University, the director of the Stanford Social Neuroscience Lab and author of “The War for Kindness” and “Hope for Cynics.”

From The Wall Street Journal

Thucydides’ mastery of perspective allows him to populate his landscapes with the dilemmas of democratic politics—the battlefield where psychology meets strategy.

From The Wall Street Journal

Related Words

• attitude
• medicine
• mindset
• therapy